Evaluation of Transformer Grade Oil from Coconut Seed Waste

Abstract

This study evaluated the extraction process of transformer grade oil from coconut seed waste using a soxhlet extractor in a batch process. The thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the process were evaluated while a comparison was drawn for the experimental and predicted yields at temperatures of 80, 75, and 70 oC. The mass transfer model gave good fit with the experimental data with R2 values above 0.99. The extraction process performed at 80 oC had the highest R2 value and the least error and #x1D74C;#x1D74C;#x1D74C;#x1D74C;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;, values while the model best describes the process at this temperature. Effective diffusivities (Deff) were obtained as #x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;.#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4; #xD7; #x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x2212;#x1D7D1;#x1D7D1;#x1D7D1;#x1D7D1;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x2212;#x1D494;#x1D494;#x1D494;#x1D494;#x2212;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF; , #x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;.#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4; #xD7; #x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x2212;#x1D7D1;#x1D7D1;#x1D7D1;#x1D7D1;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x2212;#x1D494;#x1D494;#x1D494;#x1D494;#x2212;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF; , and #x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;.#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4;#x1D7D4; #xD7; #x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x2212;#x1D7D1;#x1D7D1;#x1D7D1;#x1D7D1;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D484;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x1D7D0;#x2212;#x1D494;#x1D494;#x1D494;#x1D494;#x2212;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF;#x1D7CF; at temperatures of 80, 75, and 70 oC respectively. Enthalpy (#x394;#x1D46F;#x1D46F;#x1D46F;#x1D46F;#x1D490;#x1D490;#x1D490;#x1D490;) of 34.82 Jmol-1 indicates the endothermic nature of the extraction process and the energy requirement whereas entropy (#x394;#x1D47A;#x1D47A;#x1D47A;#x1D47A;#x1D490;#x1D490;#x1D490;#x1D490;) of 104.09 Jmol-1K describes the process as irreversible.