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\def\makelabel##1{\upshape ##1}}% } {\end{list}\end{raggedright}} \newenvironment{specHead}[2]% {\vspace{20pt}\hrule\vspace{10pt}% \phantomsection\label{#1}\markright{#2}% \pdfbookmark[2]{#2}{#1}% \hspace{-0.75in}{\bfseries\fontsize{16pt}{18pt}\selectfont#2}% }{} \def\TheFullDate{2011-04 2011-03-13 (revised: April 2011 13 March 2011)} \def\TheID{\makeatother } \def\TheDate{2011-04 2011-03-13} \title{Determination of Busy Hour in Mobile Communication in Nigeria} \author{}\makeatletter \makeatletter \newcommand*{\cleartoleftpage}{% \clearpage \if@twoside \ifodd\c@page \hbox{}\newpage \if@twocolumn \hbox{}\newpage \fi \fi \fi } \makeatother \makeatletter \thispagestyle{empty} \markright{\@title}\markboth{\@title}{\@author} \renewcommand\small{\@setfontsize\small{9pt}{11pt}\abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ plus3\p@ minus4\p@ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus2\p@ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ plus2\p@ minus2\p@ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini \topsep 2\p@ plus1\p@ minus1\p@ \parsep 2\p@ plus\p@ minus\p@ \itemsep 1pt} } \makeatother \fvset{frame=single,numberblanklines=false,xleftmargin=5mm,xrightmargin=5mm} \fancyhf{} \setlength{\headheight}{14pt} \fancyhead[LE]{\bfseries\leftmark} \fancyhead[RO]{\bfseries\rightmark} \fancyfoot[RO]{} \fancyfoot[CO]{\thepage} \fancyfoot[LO]{\TheID} \fancyfoot[LE]{} \fancyfoot[CE]{\thepage} \fancyfoot[RE]{\TheID} \hypersetup{citebordercolor=0.75 0.75 0.75,linkbordercolor=0.75 0.75 0.75,urlbordercolor=0.75 0.75 0.75,bookmarksnumbered=true} \fancypagestyle{plain}{\fancyhead{}\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}} \date{} \usepackage{authblk} \providecommand{\keywords}[1] { \footnotesize \textbf{\textit{Index terms---}} #1 } \usepackage{graphicx,xcolor} \definecolor{GJBlue}{HTML}{273B81} \definecolor{GJLightBlue}{HTML}{0A9DD9} \definecolor{GJMediumGrey}{HTML}{6D6E70} \definecolor{GJLightGrey}{HTML}{929497} \renewenvironment{abstract}{% \setlength{\parindent}{0pt}\raggedright \textcolor{GJMediumGrey}{\rule{\textwidth}{2pt}} \vskip16pt \textcolor{GJBlue}{\large\bfseries\abstractname\space} }{% \vskip8pt \textcolor{GJMediumGrey}{\rule{\textwidth}{2pt}} \vskip16pt } \usepackage[absolute,overlay]{textpos} \makeatother \usepackage{lineno} \linenumbers \begin{document} \author[1]{Dr. OSAHENVEMWEN O.A} \author[2]{EMAGBETERE J.O} \affil[1]{ AAU, Ekpoma, Edo State} \renewcommand\Authands{ and } \date{\small \em Received: 31 January 2011 Accepted: 27 February 2011 Published: 13 March 2011} \maketitle \begin{abstract} This paper is focused on determination of busy hour in Mobile Communication in Nigeria, using Lagos as a case study. Busy hour, it is a given period within a day that have the highest traffic intensity. The traffic intensity values obtained within the busy hour are used to calculate the traffic load, capacity of the mobile communication network equipment and to determine traffic performance indicators. Data was obtained from OMC for a period of a year. The OMC is in-built within the mobile communication network, that help to monitor and measure all the entire event in the mobile communication system. The obtained data was analyzed using excel package to determine the busy hour which was observed to be 19:00 (7.00pm) shown in figure 2.1 to figure2.6 the call intensity for various days of the week is as followed, Monday with the highest call intensity, 26,492, followed by Friday with 23,138, Tuesday with 19,080, Wednesday with 17,892, Thursday with 16,467, Saturday with 15,491 and Sunday with 12,119. \end{abstract} \keywords{} \begin{textblock*}{18cm}(1cm,1cm) % {block width} (coords) \textcolor{GJBlue}{\LARGE Global Journals \LaTeX\ JournalKaleidoscope\texttrademark} \end{textblock*} \begin{textblock*}{18cm}(1.4cm,1.5cm) % {block width} (coords) \textcolor{GJBlue}{\footnotesize \\ Artificial Intelligence formulated this projection for compatibility purposes from the original article published at Global Journals. However, this technology is currently in beta. \emph{Therefore, kindly ignore odd layouts, missed formulae, text, tables, or figures.}} \end{textblock*} \let\tabcellsep& \section[{INTRODUCTION}]{INTRODUCTION}\par ecent time, the world has witnessed different standards of mobile communication network, ranging from second generation (2G) to third generation (3G) standards. What gave room to this change is human quest to have better coverage quality, Grade of Service (GOS) and capacity \hyperref[b4]{(Gunner, 1998)}.\par Despite all these evolution from one stage to another, mobile communication subscribers, still have some difficulties when making calls or initiating calls during some particular period of time. For us to determine the performance of the mobile communication, the grade of service must be determined, firstly the peak busy hour must also be determine, the peak busy hour it is the given period within a day that bears the highest traffic intensity. The 'peak busy hour' traffic is use to determine the equipment quantities of the network. The reason to use busy hour traffic is that this period usually has the highest amount of blocked or lost calls. If the dimensioning of equipment at this period is correct and blocked calls can be minimized, all other non-busy hour traffic should then be handled satisfactorily \hyperref[b2]{(Sanjay;}\hyperref[b2]{2010)}.\par The operation and maintenance centre (OMC), the OMC-counter is in-built inside the mobile communication system. These OMC-counter is used to measure the traffic variation on the traffic interfaces.\par The operation and maintenance centre is subdivided into three. They are;\par ? Fault management? Configuration management ? Performance management\par The performance management unit is responsible for monitoring the performance of all the event (activities). Example are, calls intensity, time duration per call and time duration per hour. Etc. the traffic activities is being handled by sub-section known as (PMR) performance management traffic recording unit \hyperref[b1]{(John;}. \section[{II. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE}]{II. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE}\par To determine the peak busy hour of traffic saturation in mobile communication network in Nigeria, we can measure traffic by three different methods, they are;\par ? Driving test ? Protocol analyzer ? OMC-counter (Operational and Maintenance Centre-Counter) \hyperref[b4]{(Gunner, 1998)}.\par In this experiment we deployed the use of the OMC-counter for measurement, which is in-built in mobile communication network, measurement have shown, that traffic is characterized by two major components they are;\par ? \section[{DATA PRESENTATION}]{DATA PRESENTATION}\par The data obtained from operation and maintenance centre was presented in the following table below: \section[{RESULT ANALYSIS}]{RESULT ANALYSIS}\par The graphics below shows different peak busy hour of call intensity for various routes and six areas in Lagos State from a leading Mobile Communication Network in Nigeria. Data obtained was simulated by Excel package to obtain a resultant graphics.\par The highest call intensity was also determined for days of the week. From table 1.2 the resultant output shows that Monday has the highest call intensity, followed by Friday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday. Shown in figure 2.7. For easy comparison the bar chart was used for different days of the week. V. \section[{DISCUSSION}]{DISCUSSION}\par The data obtained are represented in graphys for easy interpretation for various routes in fig. {\ref 2} \section[{CONCLUSION}]{CONCLUSION}\par From this thesis, the data was obtained from operation and maintenance centre (OMC-Counter). The data obtained was analyzed by Excel package. It was observed that there are two active busy hour, they are 10:00 hr and 19:00 hr. graphical representation of all the routes was shown in fig. {\ref 2} The call intensity for various days of the week was examined. Monday with the highest call intensity 27,567, followed by Friday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday, shown in figure 2.7. \section[{Calls Intensity}]{Calls Intensity}\par Series1\begin{figure}[htbp] \noindent\textbf{}\includegraphics[]{image-2.png} \caption{\label{fig_0}}\end{figure} \begin{figure}[htbp] \noindent\textbf{1} \par \begin{longtable}{P{0.3448952879581152\textwidth}P{0.14797120418848167\textwidth}P{0.15909685863874345\textwidth}P{0.11459424083769633\textwidth}P{0.08344240837696336\textwidth}} \multicolumn{2}{l}{S/NO AREA}\tabcellsep ROUTE\tabcellsep PEAK BUSY\tabcellsep ATTEMPT\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep ID\tabcellsep HOUR\tabcellsep CALLS\\ 1.\tabcellsep MUSHIN\tabcellsep BSC 0-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 1092\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 1-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 818\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 2-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 1511\\ 2.\tabcellsep IKOTUN\tabcellsep BSC 0-10\tabcellsep 20:00\tabcellsep 858\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 1-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 1218\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 2-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 1915\\ 3.\tabcellsep EJIGBO\tabcellsep BSC 0-10\tabcellsep 20:00\tabcellsep 672\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 1-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 1083\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 2-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 838\\ 4.\tabcellsep APAPA\tabcellsep BSC 0-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 806\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 1-10\tabcellsep 15:00\tabcellsep 1345\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 2-10\tabcellsep 11:00\tabcellsep 666\\ 5.\tabcellsep ALABA\tabcellsep BSC 0-10\tabcellsep 20:00\tabcellsep 247\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 1-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 1071\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 2-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 1337\\ 6.\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{OYINGBO BSC 0-10}\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 1185\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 1-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 847\\ \tabcellsep \tabcellsep BSC 2-10\tabcellsep 19:00\tabcellsep 722\\ \tabcellsep \multicolumn{4}{l}{The above table have, different areas such are}\\ \multicolumn{5}{l}{Mushin, Apapa, Alaba, Oyingbo, Ejigbo and Ikotun was}\\ \multicolumn{5}{l}{consider in this research work due to their population}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{intensity in Lagos.}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\ \tabcellsep \multicolumn{4}{l}{Each area have a routes incorporated into 3}\\ \multicolumn{5}{l}{Base Station Controller (BSC). While 3 routes were}\\ \multicolumn{5}{l}{consider under one base station controller (IBSC). The}\\ \multicolumn{5}{l}{attempts calls for 24 hours, in each route are also}\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{recorded.}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par \caption{\label{tab_0}Table 1 .}\end{figure} \begin{figure}[htbp] \noindent\textbf{1} \par \begin{longtable}{P{0.2931034482758621\textwidth}P{0.3106896551724138\textwidth}P{0.24620689655172415\textwidth}} \multicolumn{3}{l}{S/No Call Intensity Days of the Week}\\ 1.\tabcellsep Sunday\tabcellsep 12,119\\ 2.\tabcellsep Monday\tabcellsep 26,492\\ 3.\tabcellsep Tuesday\tabcellsep 19,080\\ 4.\tabcellsep Wednesday\tabcellsep 17,892\\ 5.\tabcellsep Thursday\tabcellsep 16,467\\ 6.\tabcellsep Friday\tabcellsep 23,138\\ 7.\tabcellsep Saturday\tabcellsep 15,491\\ \tabcellsep IV.\tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par \caption{\label{tab_1}Table 1 .}\end{figure} \begin{figure}[htbp] \noindent\textbf{} \par \begin{longtable}{P{0.85\textwidth}} VI.\end{longtable} \par \caption{\label{tab_2}}\end{figure} \begin{figure}[htbp] \noindent\textbf{} \par \begin{longtable}{} \end{longtable} \par \caption{\label{tab_3}}\end{figure} \footnote{Determination of Busy Hour in Mobile Communication in Nigeria©2011 Global Journals Inc. (US)} \footnote{Determination of Busy Hour in Mobile Communication in Nigeria©2011 Global Journals Inc. (US)} \backmatter \begin{bibitemlist}{1} \bibitem[Sanjay ()]{b2}\label{b2} ‘Computer networks’. S Sanjay . \textit{S.K. Kataria \& Sons} 2010. p. . (1 st edition) \bibitem[Gunner ()]{b4}\label{b4} \textit{GSM Network" 1 st Edition Artech House Boston}, H Gunner . 1998. p. . \bibitem[Juha ()]{b0}\label{b0} \textit{Introduction to 3G Mobile Communication, 2 nd edition Artech House}, K Juha . \url{www.artechouse.com} 2003. Boston, London. p. . \bibitem[John ()]{b1}\label{b1} \textit{Pocket Guild to the world of E1' wavetek wandel Goltermann Eurotech House pp}, T John . 2005. p. . \bibitem[Itu-D ()]{b5}\label{b5} \textit{Teletraffic Engineering}, Itu-D . \url{http://www.itu.int} 2006. p. . \bibitem[Moltchanov ()]{b6}\label{b6} ‘Traffic modeling’. 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