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\title{Study of Thermal Gradient in Concrete Slabs through Experimental Approach}
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             \author[1]{Atallah  Al-ani}

             \author[2]{Mr. Abhilash  K}

             \author[3]{r. Dhananjay  M}

             \affil[1]{  Channabasaveshwara Institute of Technology}

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\date{\small \em Received: 10 December 2013 Accepted: 2 January 2014 Published: 15 January 2014}

\maketitle


\begin{abstract}
        


Millions of tons of cement is used every year that adversely affects environment. Cement is also an important building material for infrastructure development. Cement can be suitably replaced with low cost and so called waste materials like fly ash, marble powder, silica fumes etc... Favoring environment and saving cement. Large length of roads is required to be built in near future over the globe in general and in India in particular. The present technology of making flexible pavements is increasingly becoming unsustainable because of rising life cycle costs and could be suitably replaced with high volume fly ash and high volume marble powder based concrete roads.The daily and seasonal variation in temperature is an important factor influencing cement concrete pavements. The temperature differential depends on the thickness of slab and the grade of concrete. In this study an effort is made to determine realistic temperature differential and temperature stresses in pavement quality concrete , high volume fly-ash concrete slab and high volume marble powder concrete slab of different thickness. The Concrete slabs of size 500X500 mm of different thickness are instrumented with thermocouples to record the temperature differential between top to bottom of the slabs. Also an attempt is made to Design a Controlled concrete mix and High Volume Fly Ash Concrete and High Volume Marble powder Concrete by replacing 50% of cement by fly ash and 50% of cement by Marble powder respectively, also to find Compressive strength and Static Flexural strength at different periods of curing.

\end{abstract}


\keywords{pavement quality concrete, high volume fly ash concrete, high volume marble powder concrete, thermocouples, temperature gradient, compressive strength}

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\let\tabcellsep& 	 	 		 
\section[{INTRODUCTION}]{INTRODUCTION}\par
oncrete pavements by far have the best longterm value because of their longer life expectations, durability and minimum maintenance requirements. The rigidity of concrete pavements allows them to keep the riding surface in good condition. Concrete pavements can be designed to last for more than 25 years. Concrete pavements frequently outlast both their designed life expectancy and traffic loads. The durability of concrete minimizes the need for extensive repairs or annual maintenance. When repairs are necessary, they are typically smaller in scope than the asphalt pavements. Concrete's rigid surface makes it easier for wheels to roll, thus reduces operation cost of vehicles.\par
Pavements are generally subjected to axle loads varying from 30kN to 250kN. While designing the pavements the cumulative damage factor is taken into account in order to incorporate all categories of axle loads applications. Loads of different magnitudes cause different amount of damage to the pavement. Fatigue and fracture has become an important consideration in the design of structures subjected to repeat or cyclic loading conditions. The fatigue performance generally depends on material characteristics, geometry, stressstrain history and environment among other factors which occur at random during the intended life of the structure as a result high performance concrete (HPC) is essential for rigid pavements.\par
High Performance Concretes produced today contain materials in addition to Portland cement to achieve higher compressive strength and durability. The materials include fly ash, silica fume, ground-granulated blast furnace slag etc. used separately or in combination. At the same time, chemical admixtures such as high-range water-reducers are needed to ensure that the concrete is easy to transport, place and finish. For high-strength concretes, a combination of mineral and chemical admixtures is nearly always essential to ensure achievement of the required strength. The structural deteriorations in cement concrete pavements are noticed in the form of cracks stress at critical regions.\par
The stresses developed in rigid pavement include load stress, shrinkage/expansion stress and temperature stress. Temperature stresses develop due to the change in temperature from top to the bottom region of the concrete slab. Temperature along depth of the slab is to be recorded to determine thermal stresses. Thermocouples are used to record the temperature.\par
Thermocouples are the most popular temperature sensors.\par
They are cheap, interchangeable, have standard connectors and can measure a wide range of temperatures. Thermocouples are available in different combinations of metals or calibrations. Because thermocouples measure in wide temperature ranges and can be relatively rugged, they are very often used in industry.     The location for casting the slab is identified such that it is exposed to sun light. The slab is directly cast on earth surface. The surface is prepared before casting. Thermocouples are fixed to wooden beads of size 10x10mm at 3 levels that is 25mm from top 25mm from bot-tom and at the center of the bead as shown in  The wooden bead is placed in the mould, Concrete is poured into the mould first around the thermocouple bead and then in three layers and compacted as shown in Figure  {\ref 3}.                 
\section[{Results and Discussion}]{Results and Discussion}\par
The results obtained from the present investigation conducted on HPC slabs and discussions are presented in this chapter. 
\section[{a) Cube Compressive Strength}]{a) Cube Compressive Strength}\par
The cube specimen of PQC, HVFAC \& HVMPC mixes is tested for compressive strength at 3, 7, 28 and 56 days of curing. The cube compressive test results for all mixes are shown in Table  {\ref .} It observed that there is an increase in cube compressive strength with increase in number of days of curing. PQC gain early compressive strength compared to HVFAC. From test results it is observed that the compressive strength of HVMPC is lesser than that of PQC \& HVFAC at 56 days of curing.\par
Cube    f) The maximum positive and negative temperature stress in high volume marble powder concrete slab are 0.1047 N/mm 2 and -0.0228 N/mm 2 respectively. 
\section[{V. CONCLUSION}]{V. CONCLUSION}\par
? High volume fly-ash concrete slabs are found to gain compressive strength in gradual pattern. The compressive strength is more at higher curing ages i.e. 56 days \& 90 days.\par
? The compressive strength of High Volume marble Powder Concrete is less at all curing ages i.e. 3,7,28 \& 56 days when compared to PQC.\par
? The obtained temperature differentials for HVFAC \& HVMPC are lower than suggested values and temperature difference by IRC 58-2002 for the design of concrete pavements.\par
? Initial cost of construction or maintenance for concrete overlays is more compared to bituminous overlays. But over a period of time concrete overlays prove more economical.\par
? Lesser the temperature difference in the HVFAC \& HVMPC shows that warping stress in HVFAC \& HVMPC pavement will be least than normal PQC.\par
? Since the compressive strength of HVMPC is less, therefore HVMPC is not recommended for construction of new pavements.\par
? Thus it can be concluded that HVFAC can be used for construction of new pavements when there is no restrictions for time limits.\par
? The reduction in total stresses in the pavements, hence the thicknesses will be less than conventional concrete pavements. 
\section[{um}]{um}\par
? Environmental parameters are to be considered to get realistic temperature differential in HPC pavements. 
\section[{VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENT}]{VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENT}\par
I express my sincere gratitude to Dr. D. S. Suresh Kumar, Director, CIT, I also thanks to Prof. M. Dhananjay for continuous guidance without which I would not come up with this paper, I also thanks to all teaching, non teaching staff of CIT College. \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{}\includegraphics[]{image-2.png}
\caption{\label{fig_0}}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{}\includegraphics[]{image-3.png}
\caption{\label{fig_1}}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{1}\includegraphics[]{image-4.png}
\caption{\label{fig_2}Figure 1 .}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{1}\includegraphics[]{image-5.png}
\caption{\label{fig_3}Figure 1 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{2}\includegraphics[]{image-6.png}
\caption{\label{fig_5}Figure 2 :}\end{figure}
            \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{1} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.7670731707317073\textwidth}P{0.08292682926829269\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep e. for Pavement Quality\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{Concrete, High Volume Fly ash Concrete and High}\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{Volume Marble powder concrete slabs of different}\\
thickness.\tabcellsep \\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{? To check whether maximum recommended}\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{temperature differentials within the concrete roads}\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{are as per IRC 58-2002, is within the limits for}\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{different slab thickness.}\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{? Comparison of stresses in High Volume Fly ash}\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{Cement Concrete Pavement, High Volume Marble}\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{Powder Concrete and Pavement Quality Concrete.}\\
II.\tabcellsep Present Investigation\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_0}Table 1 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{2} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.787037037037037\textwidth}P{0.013991769547325103\textwidth}P{0.0034979423868312758\textwidth}P{0.02448559670781893\textwidth}P{0.0034979423868312758\textwidth}P{0.013991769547325103\textwidth}P{0.0034979423868312758\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{PQC Slabs}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{25 cm Thick}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{20 cm Thick}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{15 cm Thick}\\
Hours\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep M B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep M B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep M B\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{7:00 AM 27.2 27.4 27.6 26.1 26.3 26.5 23.5 24.4 23.8}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{8:00 AM 27.5 27.4 27.4 26.2 26.2 26.2 25.6 25.2 25.5}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{9:00 AM 29.6 28.2 27.4 28.2 26.1 25.9 28.2 27.2 26.4}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{10:00AM 31.6 28.5 27.3 32 29.2 27.8 31.2 28.3 27.1}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{11:00AM 33.2 27.9 26.5 35.3 31.2 28.1 34.5 32.2 28.2}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{12:00 PM 36 31.2 27.3 36.1 32 28.6 36.7 28.3 29.2}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{1:00PM 39.9 32.4 28.5 39.2 33.1 30.3 40.2 34.5 31.2}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{2:00 PM 43.9 38.6 30.7 43.1 36.8 30.7 44.8 37.2 32.9}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{3:00 PM 42.5 36.2 32.9 42.7 36.8 34.3 43.5 39.3 35.1}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{4:00 PM 41.1 38.2 33.1 40.2 36.7 32.8 43.8 40.2 37.2}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{5:00 PM 39.5 36.8 33.9 39.8 37.1 34.5 42.5 39.7 37.7}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{6:00 PM 36.2 34.2 33.9 36.1 34.2 33.9 39.3 38.1 37.2}\\
\multicolumn{7}{l}{7:00 PM 33.9 33.9 33.9 33.4 33.3 33.4 36.2 36.2 36.3}\end{longtable} \par
  {\small\itshape [Note: 8:00 PM 32 32.5 32.8 32 32.5 32.7 32.9 33.\hyperref[b2]{3} 33.5 9:00 PM 31 31.9 32.7 31.2 31.9 32.6 30.3 31.2 31.9 10:00PM 29.8 31.2 32.6 29.3 30.8 31.8 28.5 29.9 30.8 11:00PM 28.8 30.8 32.3 28.3 30.2 31.4 27.2 29.2 30.1 12:00AM 28.3 29.3 31.4 27.8 28.8 30.6 26.3 28.2 28.8 1:00 AM 27.3 28.3 30.1 27.4 28.3 29.9 26.2 27.9 28.5 2:00 AM 27.1 28.2 29.6 27.2 28.3 29.3 25.8 27.2 27.8 3:00 AM 26.9 27.3 29.1 26.9 27.2 28.9 25.6 26.8 27.7 4:00 AM 26.3 26.9 27.8 26.5 27 28 25.5 26.4 26.9 5:00 AM 26.1 26.8 27.1 26.2 26.9 27.1 25.2 25.6 26.1 6:00 AM 25.6 36.1 26.3 25.9 26.2 26.5 24.8 25.1 25.3 Time of Day in Hours]} 
\caption{\label{tab_1}Table 2 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{3} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.13515624999999998\textwidth}P{0.08828125\textwidth}P{0.07265625\textwidth}P{0.08828125\textwidth}P{0.08828125\textwidth}P{0.07421875\textwidth}P{0.07421875\textwidth}P{0.08828125\textwidth}P{0.07265625\textwidth}P{0.06796875\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{25 cm Thick slab}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{20 cm Thick slab}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{15 cm Thick slab}\\
Hours\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep M\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep M\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep M\tabcellsep B\\
7:00 AM\tabcellsep 25.7\tabcellsep 25.9\tabcellsep 26.1\tabcellsep 25.8\tabcellsep 25.9\tabcellsep 26.1\tabcellsep 25.7\tabcellsep 25.8\tabcellsep 26\\
8:00 AM\tabcellsep 25.9\tabcellsep 25.8\tabcellsep 26\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 26.4\tabcellsep 26.3\tabcellsep 26.3\\
9:00 AM\tabcellsep 29.6\tabcellsep 28.2\tabcellsep 27.5\tabcellsep 28.9\tabcellsep 27.8\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 27.9\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 26.1\\
10:00AM\tabcellsep 34.2\tabcellsep 31.3\tabcellsep 29.7\tabcellsep 33.2\tabcellsep 30.5\tabcellsep 28.5\tabcellsep 31.9\tabcellsep 29.1\tabcellsep 27.8\\
11:00AM\tabcellsep 36.5\tabcellsep 31.8\tabcellsep 29.6\tabcellsep 36.2\tabcellsep 32.9\tabcellsep 29.7\tabcellsep 34.2\tabcellsep 31.1\tabcellsep 28\\
12:00 PM\tabcellsep 41.2\tabcellsep 35.4\tabcellsep 31\tabcellsep 41.2\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep 32.1\tabcellsep 37.6\tabcellsep 33.9\tabcellsep 30\\
1:00PM\tabcellsep 41.1\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep 30.2\tabcellsep 41.7\tabcellsep 36.2\tabcellsep 31.6\tabcellsep 38.9\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep 30.2\\
2:00 PM\tabcellsep 46.3\tabcellsep 39\tabcellsep 34.2\tabcellsep 48.1\tabcellsep 42.2\tabcellsep 37.4\tabcellsep 46.3\tabcellsep 42.2\tabcellsep 37.1\\
3:00 PM\tabcellsep 45.5\tabcellsep 37.2\tabcellsep 33.3\tabcellsep 45.8\tabcellsep 40.4\tabcellsep 35.5\tabcellsep 43.7\tabcellsep 39.3\tabcellsep 37\\
4:00 PM\tabcellsep 43.2\tabcellsep 40.2\tabcellsep 35.5\tabcellsep 43.9\tabcellsep 40.8\tabcellsep 36.3\tabcellsep 42.3\tabcellsep 39.3\tabcellsep 37.1\\
5:00 PM\tabcellsep 41.6\tabcellsep 38\tabcellsep 35.1\tabcellsep 41.6\tabcellsep 39.1\tabcellsep 36.2\tabcellsep 40.4\tabcellsep 38\tabcellsep 36.8\\
6:00 PM\tabcellsep 39.2\tabcellsep 37.2\tabcellsep 35.5\tabcellsep 38.3\tabcellsep 36.8\tabcellsep 35.9\tabcellsep 36.3\tabcellsep 35.8\tabcellsep 34.9\\
7:00 PM\tabcellsep 35.3\tabcellsep 35.4\tabcellsep 35.4\tabcellsep 35.4\tabcellsep 35.4\tabcellsep 35.4\tabcellsep 32.8\tabcellsep 33\tabcellsep 32.9\\
8:00 PM\tabcellsep 35.1\tabcellsep 35.4\tabcellsep 35.8\tabcellsep 33.6\tabcellsep 33\tabcellsep 34.2\tabcellsep 32.2\tabcellsep 32.5\tabcellsep 32.8\\
9:00 PM\tabcellsep 33.8\tabcellsep 33.9\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep 32.6\tabcellsep 33.4\tabcellsep 33.9\tabcellsep 31.5\tabcellsep 32.1\tabcellsep 32.8\\
10:00PM\tabcellsep 32.5\tabcellsep 34.2\tabcellsep 34.8\tabcellsep 31.3\tabcellsep 32.8\tabcellsep 33.2\tabcellsep 30.4\tabcellsep 31.9\tabcellsep 32.1\\
11:00PM\tabcellsep 31.2\tabcellsep 33.2\tabcellsep 34.1\tabcellsep 31.1\tabcellsep 32.8\tabcellsep 33.9\tabcellsep 29.6\tabcellsep 30.8\tabcellsep 31.8\\
12:00AM\tabcellsep 30.9\tabcellsep 32.3\tabcellsep 33.4\tabcellsep 30.7\tabcellsep 31.2\tabcellsep 33\tabcellsep 28.9\tabcellsep 30.1\tabcellsep 31.2\\
1:00 AM\tabcellsep 30.4\tabcellsep 31.8\tabcellsep 32.6\tabcellsep 29.2\tabcellsep 30.2\tabcellsep 31.2\tabcellsep 28.2\tabcellsep 29.3\tabcellsep 30.2\\
2:00 AM\tabcellsep 29.8\tabcellsep 30.8\tabcellsep 31.7\tabcellsep 28.8\tabcellsep 29.6\tabcellsep 30.5\tabcellsep 27.9\tabcellsep 28.9\tabcellsep 29.5\\
3:00 AM\tabcellsep 28.5\tabcellsep 29.2\tabcellsep 30.2\tabcellsep 28.2\tabcellsep 28.9\tabcellsep 29.7\tabcellsep 27.7\tabcellsep 28.3\tabcellsep 29\\
4:00 AM\tabcellsep 28.3\tabcellsep 29.3\tabcellsep 29.5\tabcellsep 27.9\tabcellsep 28.5\tabcellsep 28.9\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 28.2\\
5:00 AM\tabcellsep 28.1\tabcellsep 28.2\tabcellsep 29.1\tabcellsep 27.1\tabcellsep 27.6\tabcellsep 28.1\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 27.5\tabcellsep 27.6\\
6:00 AM\tabcellsep 27.7\tabcellsep 27.9\tabcellsep 28.3\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 27.4\tabcellsep 26.4\tabcellsep 26.6\tabcellsep 26.9\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{Time of Day in Hours}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_2}Table 3 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{4} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.1538095238095238\textwidth}P{0.026984126984126982\textwidth}P{0.19698412698412698\textwidth}P{0.19428571428571428\textwidth}P{0.002698412698412698\textwidth}P{0.04587301587301587\textwidth}P{0.008095238095238096\textwidth}P{0.06746031746031746\textwidth}P{0.062063492063492064\textwidth}P{0.04587301587301587\textwidth}P{0.04587301587301587\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep 15\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Temperature differential\tabcellsep 0 5 10\tabcellsep \multicolumn{8}{l}{1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25c m 20c m}\\
\tabcellsep -5\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{25 cm Thick slab}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{20 cm Thick slab}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{15 cm Thick slab}\\
Hours\tabcellsep \tabcellsep T\tabcellsep M\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep M\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep M\tabcellsep B\\
7:00 AM\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 26.2\tabcellsep \multicolumn{4}{l}{26.3 26.5 25.3 25.4}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{25.6 26.2}\tabcellsep 26.5\tabcellsep 26.8\\
8:00 AM\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 26.5\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{26.5 26.5 28.1}\tabcellsep 28\tabcellsep 28\tabcellsep 27.9\tabcellsep 27.8\tabcellsep 27.8\\
9:00 AM\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 29\tabcellsep \multicolumn{4}{l}{27.9 26.7 30.1 28.4}\tabcellsep 28.2\tabcellsep 28\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 26.4\\
10:00AM\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 33.8\tabcellsep \multicolumn{4}{l}{30.5 29.3 35.2 30.9}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{30.5 33.2}\tabcellsep 31.2\tabcellsep 28.7\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_3}Table 4 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{5} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.04434782608695652\textwidth}P{0.17\textwidth}P{0.08315217391304348\textwidth}P{0.10347826086956521\textwidth}P{0.07945652173913044\textwidth}P{0.10347826086956521\textwidth}P{0.08315217391304348\textwidth}P{0.10347826086956521\textwidth}P{0.07945652173913044\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep 15\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Temperature differential\tabcellsep 0 5 10\tabcellsep \multicolumn{6}{l}{1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25cm 20cm 15cm}\\
\tabcellsep -5\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{25 cm Thick}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{20 cm Thick}\tabcellsep 15 cm Thick\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Hours}\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{7:00 AM}\tabcellsep 25.9\tabcellsep 26.2\tabcellsep 25.3\tabcellsep 25.5\tabcellsep 24.1\tabcellsep 24.2\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{8:00 AM}\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 26.6\tabcellsep 26.7\tabcellsep 25.8\tabcellsep 25.9\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{9:00 AM}\tabcellsep 30.2\tabcellsep 28.4\tabcellsep 29.3\tabcellsep 27.5\tabcellsep 30.8\tabcellsep 29.1\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{10:00AM}\tabcellsep 36.6\tabcellsep 30.9\tabcellsep 34.4\tabcellsep 29.2\tabcellsep 33.8\tabcellsep 29.1\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{11:00AM}\tabcellsep 37.7\tabcellsep 29.8\tabcellsep 38.4\tabcellsep 31.8\tabcellsep 36.4\tabcellsep 30.9\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{12:00 PM}\tabcellsep 40.1\tabcellsep 32.7\tabcellsep 40.9\tabcellsep 33.8\tabcellsep 38.2\tabcellsep 31.2\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{1:00PM}\tabcellsep 40.9\tabcellsep 33\tabcellsep 42.9\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep 39.2\tabcellsep 32\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{2:00 PM}\tabcellsep 48.3\tabcellsep 36.9\tabcellsep 47.8\tabcellsep 37.6\tabcellsep 43.5\tabcellsep 33.2\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{3:00 PM}\tabcellsep 44.3\tabcellsep 35.9\tabcellsep 44.3\tabcellsep 36.5\tabcellsep 41.9\tabcellsep 34.8\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{4:00 PM}\tabcellsep 41.5\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep 41.8\tabcellsep 35.4\tabcellsep 41.4\tabcellsep 35.2\\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{5:00 PM}\tabcellsep 39.3\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep 39.4\tabcellsep 35.3\tabcellsep 39.7\tabcellsep 35.8\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_4}Table 5 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{VI} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.18020833333333333\textwidth}P{0.15312499999999998\textwidth}P{0.10625\textwidth}P{0.1125\textwidth}P{0.09583333333333333\textwidth}P{0.09999999999999999\textwidth}P{0.10208333333333333\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{6}{l}{25 cm Thick slab 20 cm Thick slab 15 cm Thick slab}\\
Hours\tabcellsep Top\tabcellsep Bottom\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{Top Bottom Top}\tabcellsep Bottom\\
7:00 AM\tabcellsep 27.4\tabcellsep 27.8\tabcellsep 27.1\tabcellsep 27.5\tabcellsep 25.1\tabcellsep 25.4\\
8:00 AM\tabcellsep 27\tabcellsep 27.1\tabcellsep 27.1\tabcellsep 27\tabcellsep 26.3\tabcellsep 26.3\\
9:00 AM\tabcellsep 28.8\tabcellsep 26.8\tabcellsep 28.9\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 28.4\tabcellsep 26.8\\
10:00AM\tabcellsep 33.9\tabcellsep 29.2\tabcellsep 33.8\tabcellsep 29.7\tabcellsep 34.1\tabcellsep 29.9\\
11:00AM\tabcellsep 37.7\tabcellsep 30.8\tabcellsep 37.6\tabcellsep 31.5\tabcellsep 35.6\tabcellsep 30.2\\
12:00 PM\tabcellsep 42.3\tabcellsep 33.1\tabcellsep 42.1\tabcellsep 33.3\tabcellsep 38.7\tabcellsep 30.9\\
1:00PM\tabcellsep 42.5\tabcellsep 31.9\tabcellsep 42.4\tabcellsep 32.4\tabcellsep 42.2\tabcellsep 33.1\\
2:00 PM\tabcellsep 45.1\tabcellsep 33.9\tabcellsep 47.3\tabcellsep 37.5\tabcellsep 42.9\tabcellsep 34.2\\
3:00 PM\tabcellsep 44.1\tabcellsep 34.3\tabcellsep 45.6\tabcellsep 36.9\tabcellsep 43.4\tabcellsep 35.2\\
4:00 PM\tabcellsep 42.1\tabcellsep 34.5\tabcellsep 43.2\tabcellsep 36.2\tabcellsep 41.9\tabcellsep 35.1\\
5:00 PM\tabcellsep 39.1\tabcellsep 34.1\tabcellsep 39.7\tabcellsep 35.1\tabcellsep 39.4\tabcellsep 34.6\\
6:00 PM\tabcellsep 35.9\tabcellsep 33.2\tabcellsep 36.5\tabcellsep 34.2\tabcellsep 36.2\tabcellsep 34.2\\
7:00 PM\tabcellsep 33.4\tabcellsep 33.5\tabcellsep 33.2\tabcellsep 33.2\tabcellsep 33.4\tabcellsep 33.4\\
8:00 PM\tabcellsep 32.7\tabcellsep 33.4\tabcellsep 32.9\tabcellsep 33.6\tabcellsep 31.2\tabcellsep 31.8\\
9:00 PM\tabcellsep 31.3\tabcellsep 32.8\tabcellsep 31.4\tabcellsep 32.8\tabcellsep 30.2\tabcellsep 31.3\\
10:00PM\tabcellsep 30.8\tabcellsep 32.5\tabcellsep 30.6\tabcellsep 31.9\tabcellsep 29.7\tabcellsep 30.3\\
11:00PM\tabcellsep 30.2\tabcellsep 32.7\tabcellsep 29.2\tabcellsep 31.4\tabcellsep 28.7\tabcellsep 30.8\\
12:00AM\tabcellsep 29.6\tabcellsep 31.6\tabcellsep 28.9\tabcellsep 30.7\tabcellsep 28.3\tabcellsep 29.9\\
1:00 AM\tabcellsep 29.3\tabcellsep 31.2\tabcellsep 28.2\tabcellsep 30\tabcellsep 28.1\tabcellsep 29.6\\
2:00 AM\tabcellsep 28.2\tabcellsep 29.8\tabcellsep 27.3\tabcellsep 28.8\tabcellsep 27.3\tabcellsep 28.6\\
3:00 AM\tabcellsep 27.8\tabcellsep 29.1\tabcellsep 27\tabcellsep 28.2\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 28\\
4:00 AM\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 28.3\tabcellsep 26.4\tabcellsep 27.3\tabcellsep 26.4\tabcellsep 27.3\\
5:00 AM\tabcellsep 26.3\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 26.1\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 26.3\tabcellsep 27\\
6:00 AM\tabcellsep 25.9\tabcellsep 26.6\tabcellsep 25.9\tabcellsep 26.5\tabcellsep 26.2\tabcellsep 26.7\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_5}Table VI :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{8} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.21660231660231657\textwidth}P{0.09407979407979408\textwidth}P{0.10173745173745173\textwidth}P{0.11595881595881595\textwidth}P{0.1061132561132561\textwidth}P{0.11814671814671815\textwidth}P{0.09736164736164736\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{25 cm Thick}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{20 cm Thick}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{15 cm Thick}\\
Hours\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\\
7:00 AM\tabcellsep 25.9\tabcellsep 26.2\tabcellsep 25.3\tabcellsep 25.5\tabcellsep 24.1\tabcellsep 24.2\\
8:00 AM\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 26.6\tabcellsep 26.7\tabcellsep 25.8\tabcellsep 25.9\\
9:00 AM\tabcellsep 30.2\tabcellsep 28.4\tabcellsep 29.3\tabcellsep 27.5\tabcellsep 30.8\tabcellsep 29.1\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{10:00AM 36.6}\tabcellsep 30.9\tabcellsep 34.4\tabcellsep 29.2\tabcellsep 33.8\tabcellsep 29.1\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{11:00AM 37.7}\tabcellsep 29.8\tabcellsep 38.4\tabcellsep 31.8\tabcellsep 36.4\tabcellsep 30.9\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{12:00 PM 40.1}\tabcellsep 32.7\tabcellsep 40.9\tabcellsep 33.8\tabcellsep 38.2\tabcellsep 31.2\\
1:00PM\tabcellsep 40.9\tabcellsep 33\tabcellsep 42.9\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep 39.2\tabcellsep 32\\
2:00 PM\tabcellsep 47.3\tabcellsep 36.9\tabcellsep 46.8\tabcellsep 37.6\tabcellsep 42.5\tabcellsep 33.2\\
3:00 PM\tabcellsep 44.3\tabcellsep 35.9\tabcellsep 44.3\tabcellsep 36.5\tabcellsep 41.9\tabcellsep 34.8\\
4:00 PM\tabcellsep 41.5\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep 41.8\tabcellsep 35.4\tabcellsep 41.4\tabcellsep 35.2\\
5:00 PM\tabcellsep 39.3\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep 39.4\tabcellsep 35.3\tabcellsep 39.7\tabcellsep 35.8\\
6:00 PM\tabcellsep 37.3\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep 36.7\tabcellsep 34.9\tabcellsep 37.3\tabcellsep 35.8\\
7:00 PM\tabcellsep 34.1\tabcellsep 34.2\tabcellsep 33.4\tabcellsep 33.3\tabcellsep 33.7\tabcellsep 33.7\\
8:00 PM\tabcellsep 31.2\tabcellsep 31.9\tabcellsep 30.2\tabcellsep 30.8\tabcellsep 31.4\tabcellsep 31.9\\
9:00 PM\tabcellsep 29.8\tabcellsep 31.5\tabcellsep 29.3\tabcellsep 30.8\tabcellsep 29.6\tabcellsep 31\\
10:00PM\tabcellsep 29\tabcellsep 31.3\tabcellsep 28.9\tabcellsep 30.7\tabcellsep 28.3\tabcellsep 30.1\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{11:00PM 28.5}\tabcellsep 31.5\tabcellsep 28\tabcellsep 30.4\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 29.5\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{12:00AM 28.2}\tabcellsep 30.7\tabcellsep 27.8\tabcellsep 29.7\tabcellsep 26.4\tabcellsep 28.4\\
1:00 AM\tabcellsep 27.9\tabcellsep 30.1\tabcellsep 27.5\tabcellsep 29.2\tabcellsep 26.5\tabcellsep 28.2\\
2:00 AM\tabcellsep 27.5\tabcellsep 29.2\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 28.9\tabcellsep 26.3\tabcellsep 27.9\\
3:00 AM\tabcellsep 27.3\tabcellsep 28.6\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 28.1\tabcellsep 25.9\tabcellsep 27\\
4:00 AM\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 27.9\tabcellsep 26.5\tabcellsep 27.4\tabcellsep 25.5\tabcellsep 26.4\\
5:00 AM\tabcellsep 26.5\tabcellsep 27.3\tabcellsep 26.4\tabcellsep 27.1\tabcellsep 25.4\tabcellsep 26\\
6:00 AM\tabcellsep 26.4\tabcellsep 27\tabcellsep 26.1\tabcellsep 26.6\tabcellsep 24.9\tabcellsep 25.4\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_6}Table 8 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{9} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.22008928571428574\textwidth}P{0.09107142857142857\textwidth}P{0.10082908163265307\textwidth}P{0.11709183673469387\textwidth}P{0.10082908163265307\textwidth}P{0.11709183673469387\textwidth}P{0.10299744897959183\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{25 cm Thick}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{20 cm Thick}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{15 cm Thick}\\
Hours\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\\
7:00 AM\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 26.2\tabcellsep 26.5\tabcellsep 24.2\tabcellsep 24.4\\
8:00 AM\tabcellsep 27.1\tabcellsep 27\tabcellsep 26.5\tabcellsep 26.6\tabcellsep 26.3\tabcellsep 26.4\\
9:00 AM\tabcellsep 29.2\tabcellsep 27.1\tabcellsep 29.2\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep 28.7\tabcellsep 26.9\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{10:00AM 35.8}\tabcellsep 31.3\tabcellsep 34.9\tabcellsep 30.2\tabcellsep 34.6\tabcellsep 30.5\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{11:00AM 38.4}\tabcellsep 31.9\tabcellsep 37.6\tabcellsep 31.2\tabcellsep 37.1\tabcellsep 30.9\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{12:00 PM 40.1}\tabcellsep 32.4\tabcellsep 41.9\tabcellsep 33.7\tabcellsep 41.9\tabcellsep 34.5\\
1:00PM\tabcellsep 42.8\tabcellsep 33.9\tabcellsep 42.8\tabcellsep 34.3\tabcellsep 43.2\tabcellsep 35.1\\
2:00 PM\tabcellsep 47.4\tabcellsep 37.1\tabcellsep 46.8\tabcellsep 37.8\tabcellsep 47.7\tabcellsep 38.8\\
3:00 PM\tabcellsep 44.6\tabcellsep 35.9\tabcellsep 45.5\tabcellsep 37.4\tabcellsep 46.1\tabcellsep 37.8\\
4:00 PM\tabcellsep 41.8\tabcellsep 35.3\tabcellsep 43.5\tabcellsep 37.2\tabcellsep 43.4\tabcellsep 36.5\\
5:00 PM\tabcellsep 39.2\tabcellsep 35\tabcellsep 39.2\tabcellsep 35.3\tabcellsep 39.9\tabcellsep 36.4\\
6:00 PM\tabcellsep 37.1\tabcellsep 34.8\tabcellsep 36.8\tabcellsep 34.8\tabcellsep 37.9\tabcellsep 36.1\\
7:00 PM\tabcellsep 34.3\tabcellsep 34.3\tabcellsep 34.2\tabcellsep 34.2\tabcellsep 34.8\tabcellsep 34.7\\
8:00 PM\tabcellsep 32.4\tabcellsep 33.4\tabcellsep 31.2\tabcellsep 32\tabcellsep 29.8\tabcellsep 30.5\\
9:00 PM\tabcellsep 29.6\tabcellsep 31.1\tabcellsep 30.4\tabcellsep 31.8\tabcellsep 28.7\tabcellsep 30\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{10:00PM 28.9}\tabcellsep 31.1\tabcellsep 29.2\tabcellsep 31.2\tabcellsep 27.8\tabcellsep 29.7\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{11:00PM 28.2}\tabcellsep 30.8\tabcellsep 28.9\tabcellsep 30.9\tabcellsep 27.6\tabcellsep 29.6\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{12:00AM 28.2}\tabcellsep 30.4\tabcellsep 28.4\tabcellsep 30.1\tabcellsep 27.3\tabcellsep 28.9\\
1:00 AM\tabcellsep 27.3\tabcellsep 29.3\tabcellsep 28.1\tabcellsep 29.8\tabcellsep 27.1\tabcellsep 28.6\\
2:00 AM\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 28.7\tabcellsep 27.8\tabcellsep 29.3\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 28.9\\
3:00 AM\tabcellsep 26.7\tabcellsep 28.3\tabcellsep 27.5\tabcellsep 28.8\tabcellsep 26.8\tabcellsep 27.9\\
4:00 AM\tabcellsep 26.2\tabcellsep 27.5\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 28\tabcellsep 26.3\tabcellsep 27.1\\
5:00 AM\tabcellsep 25.8\tabcellsep 26.9\tabcellsep 26.2\tabcellsep 27.1\tabcellsep 25.8\tabcellsep 26.6\\
6:00 AM\tabcellsep 25.4\tabcellsep 26.2\tabcellsep 25.9\tabcellsep 26.6\tabcellsep 25.7\tabcellsep 26.3\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_7}Table 9 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{10} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.4073127229488704\textwidth}P{0.012128418549346017\textwidth}P{0.005053507728894174\textwidth}P{0.10511296076099881\textwidth}P{0.21224732461355528\textwidth}P{0.016171224732461353\textwidth}P{0.09197384066587395\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{25 cm Thick}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{20 cm Thick}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{15 cm Thick}\\
Hours\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\tabcellsep T\tabcellsep B\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{7:00 AM 26.2 26.5}\tabcellsep 25.2\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{25.5 25.4}\tabcellsep 25.6\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{8:00 AM 27.7 27.7}\tabcellsep 28.4\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{28.3 27.4}\tabcellsep 27.3\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{9:00 AM 29.2 26.8}\tabcellsep 30.3\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{28.2 31.1}\tabcellsep 29.1\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{10:00AM 32.2 28.3}\tabcellsep 35.3\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{31.5 35.6}\tabcellsep 31.5\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{11:00AM 35.2 29.8}\tabcellsep 38.9\tabcellsep 33\tabcellsep 37.1\tabcellsep 32.3\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{12:00 PM 39.8 32.3}\tabcellsep 41.2\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{34.1 40.9}\tabcellsep 34.1\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{1:00PM 43.9 35.3}\tabcellsep 44.3\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{35.2 42.3}\tabcellsep 34.2\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{2:00 PM 47.4 37.2}\tabcellsep 47.2\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{37.6 47.5}\tabcellsep 38.3\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{3:00 PM 45.8 37.1}\tabcellsep 46.9\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{38.3 46.2}\tabcellsep 38\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{4:00 PM 41.7 35.7}\tabcellsep 43\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{36.5 45.5}\tabcellsep 38.1\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{5:00 PM 39.6 35.5}\tabcellsep 40.2\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{36.2 41.9}\tabcellsep 37.8\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{6:00 PM 37.2 34.9}\tabcellsep 37.9\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{35.8 38.1}\tabcellsep 36\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{7:00 PM 34.3 34.3}\tabcellsep 35.2\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{35.1 35.2}\tabcellsep 35.1\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{8:00 PM 32.5 33.3}\tabcellsep 31.5\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{32.2 31.9}\tabcellsep 32.4\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{9:00 PM 31.3 32.9}\tabcellsep 29.8\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{31.3 29.9}\tabcellsep 31.2\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{10:00PM 30.3 32.3}\tabcellsep 29\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{30.9 29.3}\tabcellsep 30.8\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{11:00PM 29.3 31.7}\tabcellsep 28.1\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{30.3 28.5}\tabcellsep 30.5\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{12:00AM 28.2 30.3}\tabcellsep 27.8\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{29.7 28.1}\tabcellsep 29.9\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{1:00 AM 27.9 29.7}\tabcellsep 27.2\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{28.8 27.6}\tabcellsep 29.1\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{2:00 AM 27.3 28.8}\tabcellsep 26.8\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{27.9 27.2}\tabcellsep 28.8\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{3:00 AM 26.7}\tabcellsep 28\tabcellsep 26.5\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{27.8 26.9}\tabcellsep 28.4\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{4:00 AM 26.4 27.6}\tabcellsep 26.1\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{27.2 26.8}\tabcellsep 27.8\\
\multicolumn{2}{l}{5:00 AM 26.1}\tabcellsep 27\tabcellsep 25.7\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{26.5 26.3}\tabcellsep 27\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{6:00 AM 25.8 26.4}\tabcellsep 25.3\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{25.9 26.5}\tabcellsep 26.8\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_8}Table 10 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.011363636363636362\textwidth}P{0.03295454545454546\textwidth}P{0.0625\textwidth}P{0.01818181818181818\textwidth}P{0.13522727272727272\textwidth}P{0.10340909090909091\textwidth}P{0.022727272727272724\textwidth}P{0.2727272727272727\textwidth}P{0.1340909090909091\textwidth}P{0.03295454545454546\textwidth}P{0.023863636363636365\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep Comparison of Compressive Strength of PQC,\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{HVFAC and HVMPC Mixes.}\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep Days of curing\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep Fly Ash\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Marble Powder}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep Cube Compressive Strength Test Results of\\
\tabcellsep Number\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Conventional}\tabcellsep Admixed\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Admixed}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Concrete slab.}\\
Sl. No\tabcellsep of days of Curing\tabcellsep PQC Mix (N/mm²)\tabcellsep \tabcellsep concrete Mix (N/mm²)\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Concrete mix (N/mm²)}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{b) Static Flexural Strength The static flexural strength of PQC and HVFAC beam specimens were determined using two point}\\
1\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 27.48\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 22.07\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{11.70}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{loading method and the test results are shown in Table.}\\
2\tabcellsep 7\tabcellsep 39.11\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 28.74\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{24.37}\tabcellsep \\
3\tabcellsep 28\tabcellsep 47.41\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 42.96\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{32.59}\tabcellsep \\
4\tabcellsep 56\tabcellsep 52.00\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 55.70\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{40.44}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{5}{l}{Static Flexural Strength Test Results of Concrete slabs}\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep Sl.No\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Number of}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{PQC -Beams}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{HVFAC -Beams}\tabcellsep HVMPC -Beams\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{days of}\tabcellsep Load\tabcellsep Fcr\tabcellsep Load\tabcellsep Fcr\tabcellsep Load\tabcellsep Fcr\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep curing\tabcellsep KN\tabcellsep N/mm 2\tabcellsep KN\tabcellsep N/mm 2\tabcellsep KN\tabcellsep N/mm 2\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 11.25\tabcellsep 0.5\tabcellsep 10.5\tabcellsep 0.47\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 0.27\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 7\tabcellsep 15.25\tabcellsep 0.68\tabcellsep 13\tabcellsep 0.57\tabcellsep 10.75\tabcellsep 0.48\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 28\tabcellsep 18.25\tabcellsep 0.81\tabcellsep 16.75\tabcellsep 0.74\tabcellsep 14.25\tabcellsep 0.63\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_9}}\end{figure}
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